GRAMMER SECTION 7

                                     

                                        

                                          SEQUENCE OF TENSE

1. Principal clause Gi Verb hw` Past Tense G _v‡K Z‡e Sub –ordinate  clause Gi Verb I Past Tense  n‡e|
           I found it difficult to convince the ticket inspector   that I had lost my ticket.

                 Principal clause                                                      Sub –ordinate  clause
             He said                                                                      that he would be faithful to his promise.

               It seemed                                                                  that the day would never end.

             As the sun was shining  I decided to go out.
             As we walked, he explained the meaning of the book.
   2. Sub ordinate clause G wPiš—b mZ¨  (universal truth) ev ¯^fve mZ¨  (habitual fact) _vK‡j
       Principal clause Gi Verb Past Tense G _vKv m‡Ë¡I Sub –ordinate  clause Gi Verb I Present Tense  n‡e|
        Soya said that she walks a mile everyday.       
        The teacher said that man is mortal.
  3.Principal clause Gi Verb hw` Present ev FutureTense G _v‡K Z‡e Sub –ordinate  clause Gi Verb I Present, Past
     ev FutureTense  n‡Z cv‡i|                                         did the work
                  I see the man who                                        does the work
                                                                                         will do the work

4. While Gi wUK c‡iB hw` verb _v‡K Zvn‡j †mB verb Gi mv‡_ ing hy³ n‡e| wKš‘y while Gi c‡i Subject _vK‡j           while Gi AskwU n‡e past continuous tense

            Example:  while walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

5. Dc‡iv³ D`vni‡Y while Gi wVK c‡i verb Av‡Q †m Rb¨ Gi AskwU ing n‡q‡Q|

            Example:  while he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

6.Dc‡iv³ D`vni‡Y while Gi c‡i subject Av‡Q †m Rb¨ while Gi AskwU past continues tense

            while + (verb) + ing

            while + sub + (Past continuous)

7.        Present tense+ while + present Indefinite /Present Continuous

           Do not make a noise while your father is sleeping.

8.It is time, It is high time, It is now time, wish, fancy-G ¸‡jvi c‡i Past Indefinite tense n‡e|

            Example:  It is high time we left this place.

9.Since Gi cÖ_g Ask Present tense n‡j c‡ii Ask Past Indefinite n‡e, hw` be verb ‡`Iqv _v‡K Zvn‡j †mwUi Past form      n‡e| Avi hw` Since Gi cÖ_g Ask past Indefinite tense nq A_ev hw` be verb Gi Past form ‡`Iqv _v‡K Zvn‡j c‡ii Ask    Past Perfect Ki‡Z n‡e|

            V₁ + V₂

            V₂ + had + V₃

            Example:- It is many years since they first met.       

            Example:- It was many years since I had come to Dhaka.

As if/ As though Gi cÖ_g Ask Present Indefinite tense n‡j c‡ii Ask Past Indefinite Tense  n‡e| Avevi cÖ_g Ask Past Indefinite tense  n‡j c‡ii Ask Past Perfect tense n‡e|  

            V₁ - V₂

            V₂ - had + V₃

Example:  He speaks As if he knew everything.

Example:  He claimed himself a man as though he had done everything.

 Self -Practice

1. Susmita said that she ………home the next day.

a. had gone                    b. would go                

c. can go                         d. will go

2. She (wear) lovely dress last night.

a. weared                      b. had wore

 c.  worn                      d. wore

3. My friend ………. before I came.

a. would be leaving      b. had been leaving

c. had left                    d. will leave

4. It is many years since i ………..to Dhaka.

      a. had come            b. coming                   

      c. comes                   d. came

5. I ………. him long ago.

a. see                           b. saw 

c. have saw                   d. have seen

6. The film had started before we  …….. the cinema.

a. were reached            b. reached  

c. reaching                   d. reach

7. I came home after the train………

a. stopped                     b. stop  

c.  was stop                 d. had stopped

8. My uncle arrived while I …….the dinner.

a. would cook                          b.  had cooked

c. cook                         d. was cooking

9. Roky went to bed after he ………his lessons.

a. had learnt                b. had learn 

c. learning                    d. learnt

10. It is worth ………now.

a. to go shopping         b. going to shop 

c. going shopping        d. go to shop

11. The meeting – after the Chairman had arrived.

a. has begin                 b. has begun

 c. begins                     d. began

12. He …………his car when I arrived.

a. washed                     b. was washing 

c. had washed             d. had been washing

13. Just now he ……..his dinner but he says he will see when he is finished

a. is having                    b. has had

 c. was having               d. had

14.No sooner had we ………at the station than the train left.

a. arrived                     b. arriving

 c. arrive                      d. arrival

15. He ………a letter to his father now.

a. write                        b. writes 

c. is writing                 d. wrote 

16. Your brother (go) to school regularly.

a. goes                         b. had gone 

c. went                        d. going

17. Raju …….here yesterday.

a. come                        b. came 

c. will come                 d. has come

18. My friend(see) the president yesterday.

a. have seen                 b. seen  

c. see                                       d. saw

19.He seems as though he ____ a lover boy.

      a. was                        b. were                           

      c. have been            d. would be

20.It is high time we (leave)

a. leave                    b. have left  

c. are leaving           d.  left

21.By this time the plane (reach) in London airport.

a. has reached         b. has been reached 

c. will be reach        d. will have reached